Name: TurboTeeJet 11003 Flat Fan Nozzle

2010-04-20 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Treatment T1, all replications (reps R1, R5, R4, R2, R3, and R6), for post emergence annual grass and broadleaf weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with OSPREY herbicide at 4.75 oz/A, Preference non-ionic surfactant and anti-foaming agent at 2 qt/100 gal carrier, and Ammonium Sulfate (AMS) at 3 lbs/A. Time of application was 10 a.m. to 12:00 noon. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 54F to 59F at end, 50-35% relative humidity, winds out of south by southwest at 3-5 mph with 10 minute average of 2 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed herbicide on the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G4 soybeans for post emergence weed control. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/A along with Ammonium Sulfate at 17#/100 gallon H20 using 19.2 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 67 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 73%. Wind was calm-5 mph from south (ssw to sse). Time of application was 11:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 19.2 gals/A, (179.5 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-19 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment 2, replications 1-6, for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 60-70 degrees F (15-21°C). Relative Humidity was 48%. Wind was from south southwest at 7 mph. Time of application was 10:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat spray nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2010-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G5 (all replications, 3, 5, 2, 4, & 1) with 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide for broadleaf weed control in switchgrass. 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide (Dimethylamine salt of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 47.3%) was applied at 32 oz per acre in 20 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 84 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 50%. Wind was calm-5 mph from NNE. Time of application was 12:30-1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-07-10 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC ancillary plots on south side of field, soybean trap crop on south and east of fields, soybeans in s/w corner of field area, switchgrass productivity trial plots 304 and 310, switchgrass variety trial soybean filler plots with Roundup Original Max 5.5L at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 17#/100 gallons (3.4 #/A) for postemergence weed control in soybeans. Time of application was 11:30 a.m. Weather conditions were cloudy, temperature was 77F, 60% relative humidity, winds out of south at 6-8 mph with 10 minute average of 7 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-05-05 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC Main Site replication 6 area, with Roundup Power Max for preplant weed burndown. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Plots first were sprayed with a headland pass (going east/west) on the south 15' and north 15' and then the remaining area was sprayed (going north/south). Time of application was 11:00-1:00 p.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 63F, 53% relative humidity, winds were calm. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-05-05 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC Main Site treatment G4 with Roundup Power Max for preplant weed burndown. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Plots first were sprayed with a headland pass (going east/west) on the south 15' and north 15' and then the remaining area was sprayed (going north/south). Time of application was 11:00-1:00 p.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 63F, 53% relative humidity, winds were calm. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-05-06 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatment CE3 all replications (reps 1, 2, 3, and 4). Plots sprayed with Roundup Power Max for preplant weed burndown. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Plots were sprayed with a single pass (30' wide) going south to north. Time of application was 8:00-9:15 a.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 49F, 72% relative humidity, winds were mostly from west southwest from 3-9 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-05-06 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site treatment T8nt all replications (reps 1, 2, 3, and 4). Plots sprayed with Roundup Power Max for preplant weed burndown. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Time of application was 8:00-9:15 a.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 49F, 72% relative humidity, winds were mostly from west southwest from 3-9 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-05-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1 all replications (reps 1, rep 3, rep 2, rep 4 and rep5) for weed burndown and preemergence weed control in corn. Roundup PowerMax (gyphosate) was applied at 22 ounces/acre (1.61 L/ha); and Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha) with 17 lbs / 100 gallons ammonium sulfate. Plots first were sprayed with a headland pass (going east/west) on the south 10' and north 10' and then the remaining area was sprayed (going north/south). Weather conditions: Cloudy and rainy with air temperature of 49 degrees F (9.4°C). Relative Humidity as 79%. Wind was from NE at 5 mph. Time of application was 6:30-8:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G3 all replications (reps 1, rep 2, rep 5, rep 3 and rep4) for weed burndown and preemergence weed control in corn. Roundup PowerMax (gyphosate) was applied at 22 ounces/acre (1.61 L/ha); and Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha) with 17 lbs / 100 gallons ammonium sulfate. Plots first were sprayed with a headland pass (going east/west) on the south 10' and north 10' and then the remaining area was sprayed (going north/south). Weather conditions: Cloudy and rainy with air temperature of 49 degrees F (9.4°C). Relative Humidity as 79%. Wind was from NE at 5 mph. Time of application was 6:30-8:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment corn trap/bait crop on east and south border of field for weed burndown and preemergence weed control in corn. Roundup PowerMax (gyphosate) was applied at 22 ounces/acre (1.61 L/ha); and Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha) with 17 lbs / 100 gallons ammonium sulfate. Weather conditions: Cloudy and rainy with air temperature of 49 degrees F (9.4°C). Relative Humidity as 79%. Wind was from NE at 5 mph. Time of application was 6:30-8:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site treatment plots G6R5 & G6R4 (Miscanthus) and G7R4 (Grass mix) with 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide for broadleaf weed control. 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide (Dimethylamine salt of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 47.3%) was applied at 32 oz per acre in 20 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 84 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 50%. Wind was calm-5 mph from NNE. Time of application was 12:30-1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-24 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment 1, reps 1-6, for post-emergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 85-91 degrees F (29-33°C). Relative Humidity was 70%. Wind was from west at 3 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment T2, replications 1-6 for post-emergence weed control of roundup ready soybeans varitey 92Y30, with Roundup OriginalMax 5.5L (glyphosate) at 22 ounces/A with sprayable ammonium sulfate at 17 pounds/100 gallons of water (3.4 pounds/A). A total of 15 acres were sprayed and 10.3 quarts Roundup and 51 pounds of ammonium sulfate were applied. Weather conditions at 10 a.m. Sunny with temperatures of 74F, wind was calm at 0 mph. Relative humidity was 55%. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat fan nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2009-05-22 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment T6, replications 1-6, for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 70 degrees F (21°C). Relative Humidity was 41%. Wind was from east northeast at 7 mph. Time of application was 5:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-22 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment 6, replications 1-6, for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 22 ounces/acre (0.65 L/ha) with 17 pounds/100 gallons sprayable ammonium sulfate. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 83-85 degrees F (28-29°C). Relative Humidity was 55%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph. Time of application was 4:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER N-rate study, both irrigated and non-irrigated for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 54 degrees F (12°C). Relative Humidity was 81%. Wind was calm at 0 mph. Time of application was 7:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat spray nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2009-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Lysimeter fetch area for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 54 degrees F (12°C). Relative Humidity was 81%. Wind was calm at 0 mph. Time of application was 7:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat spray nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2009-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, treatment T8nt, replications 1-4,for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 54 degrees F (12°C). Relative Humidity was 81%. Wind was calm at 0 mph. Time of application was 7:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11033 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2009-06-22 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC main site, treatment G2, replications 1-5, for post-emergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/acre (0.65 L/ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F (23°C). Relative Humidity was 80%. Wind was from south x southeast at 4 mph. Time of application was 9:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat spray nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier. Major weeds to be controled were quackgrass and pigweed.

2009-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatment C2 replications 1-4 for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 54 degrees F (12°C). Relative Humidity was 81%. Wind was calm at 0 mph. Time of application was 7:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 wide angle flat spray nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2009-06-10 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC main site, treatment G3 and soybean trap crop, reps 1-5, for post-emergence weed control in ready-to-bolt canola. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 11 ounces/acre (0.32 L/ha) with ammonium sulfate at 17#/100gallons. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 58 degrees F (14°C). Relative Humidity was 85%. Wind was from east southeast at 1 mph. Time of application was 10:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-05 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Switchgrass Variety Trial for preemergence weed control. Drive (quinclorac) at 1 pound/acre and Atrazine 4L at 1/2 pound/acre were applied. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F (23°C). Relative Humidity was 27%. Wind was from east at 8 mph with a 10 minute average of 6 mph. Time of application was 6:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Switchgrass Fertility gradient for post emergence weed control. Applied Drive (quinclorac) at 0.5 pounds/acre to the 6 acres of total field. A total of 3 pounds of Drive were applied. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22°C). Relative Humidity was 61%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph with a 10 minute average of 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site treatments G5 replications 1-5 for post emergence weed control. Applied Drive (quinclorac) at 0.5 pounds/acre to the 6 acres of total field. A total of 3 pounds of Drive were applied. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22°C). Relative Humidity was 61%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph with a 10 minute average of 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site treatment G6 replications 1-5 for post emergence weed control. Applied Drive (quinclorac) at 0.5 pounds/acre to the 6 acres of total field. A total of 3 pounds of Drive were applied. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22°C). Relative Humidity was 61%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph with a 10 minute average of 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Miscanthus fertility gradient studies for post emergence weed control. Applied Drive (quinclorac) at 0.5 pounds/acre to the 6 acres of total field. A total of 3 pounds of Drive were applied. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22°C). Relative Humidity was 61%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph with a 10 minute average of 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Cellulosic Ethanol treatment C4, C5, C6, & C7 for weed control in switchgrass. Applied Drive (quinclorac) at 0.5 pounds per acre. Weather conditions: Partly cloudy with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22°C). Relative Humidity was 61%. Wind was from ESE at 6 mph with a 10 minute average of 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-25 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER main site, Nitrogen-Rate Study, for post-emergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha) and ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 17#/100gal. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 90 degrees F (33°C). Relative Humidity was 76%. Wind was from northwest at 5 mph. Time of application was between 11:0030 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-06-25 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Lysimeter fetch area, for post-emergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha) and ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 17#/100gal. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 90 degrees F (33°C). Relative Humidity was 76%. Wind was from northwest at 5 mph. Time of application was between 11:0030 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC main site, treatment G1 replications 1-5 for weed burndown and preemergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha); 2,4-D ester at 16 ounces/acre (1.98 L/ha) and Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) was applied at 3 qts/acre with 17 lbs / 100 gallons ammonium sulfate. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 66 degrees F (19°C). Relative Humidity was 28%. Wind was from ESE at 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC main site, treatment G4 replications 1-5 for weed burndown and preemergence weed control. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha); 2,4-D ester at 16 ounces/acre (1.98 L/ha) and Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) was applied at 3 qts/acre with 17 lbs / 100 gallons ammonium sulfate. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 66 degrees F (19°C). Relative Humidity was 28%. Wind was from ESE at 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2009-05-19 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC main site, treatment G2, replications 1-5, for weed burndown. Roundup Original Max 5.5L (gyphosate) was applied at 1 quart/acre (3.87 L/ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 60-70 degrees F (15-21°C). Relative Humidity was 35%. Wind was from south southwest at 5 mph. Time of application was 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier

2010-04-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Lysimeter Area, for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1.0 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 herbicide at 12 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant and anti-foaming agent at 0.125% v/v (1 pt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 3:00-5:00 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 53°F at start and 61°F at end, 39% relative humidity, winds out of southeast at 6-10 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-04-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T2 all replications for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1.0 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 herbicide at 12 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant and anti-foaming agent at 0.125% v/v (1 pt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 3:00-5:00 p.m. Weather conditions were cloudy, temperature was 63F, 26% relative humidity, winds out of southeast at 7-10 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-04-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T1 all replications, for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 0.8 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 herbicide at 12 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant and anti-foaming agent at 0.125% v/v (1 pt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 5:00-7:00 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 71°F at start and 72°F at end, 32/33% relative humidity, winds out of southeast at 7-10 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-04-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Fertility Gradient (N-rate) Study, including irrigated and dry-land areas, all replications, for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1.0 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 herbicide at 12 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant and anti-foaming agent at 0.125% v/v (1 pt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 3:00-5:00 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 53°F at start and 61°F at end, 39% relative humidity, winds out of southeast at 6-10 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed herbicide on the GLBRC Main Site Treatment soybean trap/border crop for post emergence weed control. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/A along with Ammonium Sulfate at 17#/100 gallon H20 using 19.2 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 67 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 73%. Wind was calm-5 mph from south (ssw to sse). Time of application was 11:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 19.2 gals/A, (179.5 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed herbicide on the LTER Main Site Treatment Interaction Plots (field B3) for post emergence weed control. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/A along with Ammonium Sulfate at 17#/100 gallon H20 using 19.2 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 67 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 73%. Wind was calm-5 mph from south (ssw to sse). Time of application was 11:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 19.2 gals/A, (179.5 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-05 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC Main Site treatment G2 with Roundup Power Max for postemergence weed control in spring Canola. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Plots first were sprayed with a headland pass (going east/west) on the south 15' and north 15' and then the remaining area was sprayed (going north/south). Time of application was 11:00-1:00 p.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 63F, 53% relative humidity, winds were calm. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed herbicide on the LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatment CE3 soybeans for post emergence weed control. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/A along with Ammonium Sulfate at 17#/100 gallon H20 using 19.2 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 67 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 73%. Wind was calm-5 mph from south (ssw to sse). Time of application was 11:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 19.2 gals/A, (179.5 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed herbicide on the LTER Main Site Treatment T8nt corn for post emergence weed control. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate) was applied at 22 oz/A along with Ammonium Sulfate at 17#/100 gallon H20 using 19.2 gallons/A H2O as carrier. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 67 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 73%. Wind was calm-5 mph from south (ssw to sse). Time of application was 11:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 19.2 gals/A, (179.5 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatments CE1 and CE2 (all replications, 1, 2, 3, & 4) with 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide mixed with Roundup PowerMax for post emergence weed control in corn. 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide (Dimethylamine salt of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 47.3%) was applied at 16 oz per acre and Roundup PowerMax was applied at 32 oz/A in 20 gallons/A H2O as carrier. The treatments correspond to the following plots: CE1 (108, 202, 034, 401) and CE2 (112, 210, 312, 402). Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 84 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 50%. Wind was calm-5 mph from NNE. Time of application was 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatments CE4, CE5, CE6, CE7 and CE8 (all replications, 1, 2, 3, & 4) with 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide for broadleaf weed control. 2,4-D Amine 4 herbicide (Dimethylamine salt of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 47.3%) was applied at 32 oz per acre in 20 gallons/A H2O as carrier. The treatments correspond to the following plots: CE4 (110, 203, 302, 404), CE5 (106, 205, 303, 405), CE6 (111, 204, 310 406), CE7 (107, 208, 309, 407) and CE8 (103, 211, 307, 408). Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 84 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity as 50%. Wind was calm-5 mph from NNE. Time of application was 1:30-2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2010-05-20 Fertilizer Application Fertilized GLBRC Main Site Switchgrass Fertility Study (n-rate), all treatments and all replications. Fertilizer applied as 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). Applied with a Top-Air Sprayer with a 15' boom length. A single pass of a boom type sprayer was used to broadcast spray and apply the correct amount of fertilizer. The amounts of nitrogen applied were as follows: SWF1 (108, 201, 307, 408) 0 lbs/A; SWF2 (104, 206, 308, 407) 25 lbs N/A (8.4 gal/A); SWF3 (102, 202, 302, 406) 50 lbs N/A (16.7 gal/A); SWF4 (105, 208, 305, 405) 75 lbs N/A (25.1 gal/A); SWF5 (101, 205, 304, 404) 100 lbs N/A (33.5 gal/A); SWF6 (107, 207, 301, 403) 125 lbs N/A (41.8 gal/A); SWF7 (106, 204, 306, 402) 150 lbs N/A (50.2 gal/A); SWF8 (103, 203, 303, 401) 175 lbs N/A (58.6 gal/A). Time of application was between 3:00 and 4:30 p.m. Temperature at start was 79F, 43% relative humidity, skies were clear and sunny. Wind was between 0-3 mph SSE. Equipment used: John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top-Air pull type sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump. The sprayer was controlled by a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Nozzles were spaced 15 inches apart along the 15 foot boom length extending from the center of the drive-line off to the right side of the sprayer. Different pressures, rpm, and speeds were used for the application so that the pressure range at the sprayer varied between 20-35 psi. No passes were made through the SWF1 treatment area. TeeJet 8001 nozzles were used for the SWF2 and SWF3 level. TurboTeeJet 11003 nozzles were used for the SWF4, SWF5 and SWF6 levels. TurboTeeJet 11005 nozzles were used for the SWF7 and SWF8 levels.

2010-05-06 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Interaction Study Site, all 16 plots. Plots sprayed with Roundup Power Max for preplant weed burndown and removal of winter wheat. Roundup was applied at 22 oz/A with ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A (17 #/100 gallon carrier). Plots were sprayed with two 30' wide passes followed by a single 10' wide pass on the west side. An area approximately 15' wide on the east side of the field was not sprayed. Where lysimeters were located, they were sprayed by running the boom of the sprayer over the top of the entire lysimeter area and spraying them at the normal field rate listed above. Time of application was 8:00-9:15 a.m. Weather conditions were partly cloudy, temperature was 49F, 72% relative humidity, winds were mostly from west southwest from 3-9 mph with 10 minute average of 8 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-08-16 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site T1 (replications R6 & R5), T2 (replications R3, R6, R1, and R5), with Roundup (32 oz/A) + AMS (3.4 #/A). Weather conditions at time of application: Sunny, 69F winds from the west at 6 mph, 67% relative humidity. Applied using a JD5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) pulling a Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom lenght of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water was applied at 20 gal/A as carrier.

2011-05-02 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T2 (no-till) plots, all replications (reps 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 and 6) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2011-05-02 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Lysimeter Field with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Microplots located in the northwest corner of each plot were not sprayed. The microplots measured 50 feet (north-south) by 133' (east-west). Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2011-05-03 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1 (replicates 2, 5, 4, 3, and 1) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2011-05-03 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment Fertility Gradient and Irrigated Fertility Gradient [N-Rate] Studies, all blocks and all treatments with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. The field was sprayed starting in the southeast corner. A single headland pass was made on both the north and the south side of the field. Because of the 15' treatment plot widths, the drive paths were centered between treatments so that we were not driving through the center of the treatment plots. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2011-05-03 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G2 (replicates 1, 2, 5, 3, and 4) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2010-08-18 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site N-rate study (irrigated and non-irrigated fertility gradient) and the Lysimeter field with Roundup (32 oz/A) + AMS (3.4 #/A). Weather conditions at time of application: Sunny, approximately 65F, winds calm. Applied using a JD5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) pulling a Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom lenght of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water was applied at 20 gal/A as carrier.

2010-08-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site T1 (replications R1, R4, R2 & R3), T2 (replications R2 & R4), with Roundup (32 oz/A) + AMS (3.4 #/A). Weather conditions at time of application: Sunny, 65F winds from the southwest at 1 mph, 84% relative humidity. Applied using a JD5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) pulling a Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom lenght of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water was applied at 20 gal/A as carrier.

2010-08-18 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site treatment G2 (all replications, R3, R2, R5, R1, and R4) with Roundup (32 oz/A) + AMS (3.4 #/A). Weather conditions at time of application: Sunny, approximately 65F, winds calm. Applied using a JD5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) pulling a Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom lenght of 30 feet. 20-30 psi were used. Water was applied at 20 gal/A as carrier.

2011-05-03 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G4 (replicates 1, 2, 4, 3, and 5) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for preplant weed burndown. Roundup Power Max was applied at 44 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2011-05-09 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, continuous corn, all replications (reps. 4, 3, 1, 5, and 2) for preemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 62 degrees F (16.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 46%. Wind was from E at 10 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-09 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G2, rotational corn, all replications (reps. 5, 2, 3, 4, and 1) for preemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Treatment G2 had headland passes made on the N and S side of the plots first which were approximately 10' wide, followed by spraying the main plot area in three passes of the sprayer. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 62 degrees F (16.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 46%. Wind was from E at 10 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-09 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T2 all replications (reps. 5, 2, 3, 4, 1 and 6) for preemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). No-herbicide microplots (last 33.3' from north) in northwest corner of treatment plots were not sprayed. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 49 degrees F (9.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 64%. Wind was from NE at 4 mph. Time of application was 8:15 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-13 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Ancillary Plot Area (”Replicate 6” plots) and southern trap crop area for weed burn down. Sprayed with Roundup Power Max (Glyphosate EPA 524-549) at 44 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 (ester of 2,4-D, EPA 1381-102) at 16 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS number: 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 81 degrees F (27.2 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 63%. Wind was from N at 6 mph. Time of application was 2:45 p.m. - 3:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study treatments CE1 (plots 108, 202, 304, 401), CE2 (plots 112, 210, 312, 402), and CE3 (plots 105, 207, 301, 403) with Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 44 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Plots were sprayed with the full width of the spray boom in a single 30' wide pass centered on the width of the plot. Weather conditions: Sunny to partly sunny with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22.2 degrees C) at start. Relative Humidity was 71%. Wind was from S at 2 mph. Time of application was 11 a.m. - 12:01 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Treatment T8nt, all replications, with Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 44 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Headland passes were made on the N and S side of the plots prior to spraying the main plot areas. Weather conditions: Sunny to partly sunny with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22.2 degrees C) at start. Relative Humidity was 71%. Wind was from S at 2 mph. Time of application was 11 a.m. - 12:01 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G3, all replications, (reps 2, 3, 5, 4, and 1) and the bait crop areas on the S and E of the field, with Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 44 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Treatment G3 had headland passes made on the N and S side of the plots first which were approximately 10' wide, followed by spraying the main plot area in three passes of the sprayer. Weather conditions: Sunny to partly sunny with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22.2 degrees C) at start. Relative Humidity was 71%. Wind was from S at 2 mph. Time of application was 1 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Fertility Gradient Study, both irrigated and rainfed, and also the Lysimeter field, for preemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). For the Lysimeter field, the last pass to the N was centered on the alleyway between T4R6 and T6R6, which puts the N edge of the field 15 feet to the N of that centerline. Weather conditions: Sunny to partly sunny with air temperature of 80 degrees F (27 degrees C) at start. Relative Humidity was 55%. Wind was from NE at 5 mph. Time of application was 1:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T1, all replications (reps. 6, 5, 1, 4, 2, and 3) for preemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 59-77 degrees F (15 - 25 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 60-62%. Wind was from E at 2 - 4 mph. Time of application was 7:15 a.m. - 11:15 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-12 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Interaction Field (Identified as field B3 at the Farming Systems Center) with Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 44 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. All 16 plots of Interaction Field were sprayed; however, weedy areas corresponding to approximately 15' on the E side of each plot were left unsprayed. All plots had headland passes made on both the N and S side prior to spraying the many area of the plots. Weather conditions: Sunny to partly sunny with air temperature of 72 degrees F (22.2 degrees C) at start. Relative Humidity was 71%. Wind was from S at 2 mph. Time of application was 11 a.m. - 12:01 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-13 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Ancillary Plot Area ”Brook House Field” for weed burn down. Sprayed with Roundup Power Max (Glyphosate EPA 524-549) at 44 oz/A, 2,4-D LV4 (ester of 2,4-D, EPA 1381-102) at 16 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS number: 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Weather conditions: Partly sunny with air temperature of 81 degrees F (27.2 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 63%. Wind was from N at 6 mph. Time of application was 2:45 p.m. - 3:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-05-18 Fertilizer Application Sprayed fertilizer in the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G10, MICROPLOT area only, all replications (replications 4, 1, 2, 3, 5). Treatment G10 microplots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs / gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas: fertilized microplot areas 15' wide located on the west side of treatment plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the east side of the treatment plot G10R1; unfertilized areas which were the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the west side of treatment plot G10R1. The fertilized 15' microplot received 50 lbs N/A. The unfertilized 76.86' was NOT fertilized. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 93%. Wind was out of the NE at 5-7 mphs. Time of application was between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.4 - 3.7 mph (gear B3, 1450 - 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the microplot treatment areas.

2011-05-18 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G5, Switchgrass, all replications (replications 5, 4, 1, 2, and 3). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas, an unfertilized microplot area 15' wide located on the west side of all the plots and the fertilized area which was the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plot. The unfertilized 15' microplot received NO fertilizer. The fertilized 76.86' was fertilized at 50 lbs N/A applied in 3 passes of the sprayer. In all plots, for the first pass of the sprayer, only half the boom width (15') was used and a pass was made S to N along the W side of the fertilized area. The second and third passes were made with the full boom width (30'), with the second pass being S to N along the E side of the fertilized area and the third pass being N to S in the middle of that area. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature 53 degrees F (11.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 93%. Wind was out of the east at 5 - 7 mphs. Time of application was between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.4 - 3.7 mph (gear B3, 1450 - 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-18 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G6, Miscanthus, all replications (replications 5, 4, 1, 2, and 3). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas, an unfertilized microplot area 15' wide located on the west side of all the plots and the fertilized area which was the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plot. The unfertilized 15' microplot received NO fertilizer. The fertilized 76.86' was fertilized at 50 lbs N/A applied in 3 passes of the sprayer. In all plots, for the first pass of the sprayer, only half the boom width (15') was used and a pass was made S to N along the W side of the fertilized area. The second and third passes were made with the full boom width (30'), with the second pass being S to N along the E side of the fertilized area and the third pass being N to S in the middle of that area. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature 53 degrees F (11.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 93%. Wind was out of the east at 5 - 7 mphs. Time of application was between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.4 - 3.7 mph (gear B3, 1450 - 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-18 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G7, Grass mix, all replications (replications 5, 4, 1, 2, and 3). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas, an unfertilized microplot area 15' wide located on the west side of all the plots and the fertilized area which was the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plot. The unfertilized 15' microplot received NO fertilizer. The fertilized 76.86' was fertilized at 50 lbs N/A applied in 3 passes of the sprayer. In all plots, for the first pass of the sprayer, only half the boom width (15') was used and a pass was made S to N along the W side of the fertilized area. The second and third passes were made with the full boom width (30'), with the second pass being S to N along the E side of the fertilized area and the third pass being N to S in the middle of that area. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature 53 degrees F (11.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 93%. Wind was out of the east at 5 - 7 mphs. Time of application was between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.4 - 3.7 mph (gear B3, 1450 - 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-18 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G9, Old-field, all replications (replications 5, 4, 1, 2, and 3). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas, an unfertilized microplot area 15' wide located on the west side of all the plots and the fertilized area which was the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plot. The unfertilized 15' microplot received NO fertilizer. The fertilized 76.86' was fertilized at 50 lbs N/A applied in 3 passes of the sprayer. In all plots, for the first pass of the sprayer, only half the boom width (15') was used and a pass was made S to N along the W side of the fertilized area. The second and third passes were made with the full boom width (30'), with the second pass being S to N along the E side of the fertilized area and the third pass being N to S in the middle of that area. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature 53 degrees F (11.7 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 93%. Wind was out of the east at 5 - 7 mphs. Time of application was between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.4 - 3.7 mph (gear B3, 1450 - 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-20 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the LTER Cellulosic Biofuels Experiment, treatments C4 Switchgrass (Cave-in-rock + N) (reps 110, 203, 302, and 404) and C6 Switchgrass (Southlow + N) (reps 111, 204, 310, and 408). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (UAN) which is comprised of Urea + Ammonium Nitrate (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. All treatment plots were sprayed in one pass of the sprayer with the outside two nozzles shut off leaving the boom width, from outside to outside nozzles, of 27.5'. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature approximately 63 degrees F (18.3 degrees C). Relative Humidity was approximately 90%. Wind was calm. Time of application was between 11:15 and 11:59 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 2.7 mph (gear B3, 1450) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-20 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G4, rotational Canola, all replications (replications 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1). All plots were fertilized with 80 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (UAN) which is comprised of Urea + Ammonium Nitrate (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 80 lbs N/A worked out to 26.7 gal 28%/A. Most of the canola plants were still at the cotyledon stage with the first leaves barely starting to become visible. In all plots, the first pass of the sprayer was made S to N along the W side of the plot. The second pass being N to S along the E side of the plot and the third pass being S to N in the middle of the plot. Conditions: Cloudy with air temperature approximately 63 degrees F (18.3 degrees C). Relative Humidity was approximately 90%. Wind was calm. Time of application was between 10:30 a.m. and 11:15 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 2.3 mph (gear B3, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2011-05-20 Fertilizer Application Fertilized GLBRC Main Site Switchgrass Fertility Study (SWF: N-rate), all treatments and all replications. Fertilizer applied as 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate).The amounts of nitrogen applied were as follows: SWF1 (108, 201, 307, 408) 0 lbs/A; SWF2 (104, 206, 308, 407) 25 lbs N/A (8.4 gal/A); SWF3 (102, 202, 302, 406) 50 lbs N/A (16.7 gal/A); SWF4 (105, 208, 305, 405) 75 lbs N/A (25.1 gal/A); SWF5 (101, 205, 304, 404) 100 lbs N/A (33.5 gal/A); SWF6 (107, 207, 301, 403) 125 lbs N/A (41.8 gal/A); SWF7 (106, 204, 306, 402) 150 lbs N/A (50.2 gal/A); SWF8 (103, 203, 303, 401) 175 lbs N/A (58.6 gal/A). Time of application was between 9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Temperature at start was approximately 55F, 90% relative humidity, skies were cloudy. Wind was calm. Equipment used: John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top-Air pull type sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump. A single pass of a boom type sprayer was used to broadcast spray and apply the correct amount of fertilizer. The sprayer was controlled by a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Nozzles were spaced 15 inches apart along the 15 foot boom length extending from the center of the drive-line off to the right side of the sprayer. Different pressures, rpm, and speeds were used for the application so that the pressure range at the sprayer varied between 15-20 psi. No passes were made through the SWF1 treatment area. TeeJet 8001 nozzles were used for the SWF2 level. TurboTeeJet 11003 nozzles were used for the SWF3, SWF4 and SWF5 levels. TurboTeeJet 11005 nozzles were used for the SWF6, SWF7 and SWF8 levels.

2011-06-21 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed Roundup Power Max and Ammonium Sulfate on fields adjacent to the GLBRC Main Site. Fields which were sprayed were the Soybeans to the north of the ”Brook House”, the center row of the trap crop corn on the east side of the field, the trap crop soybeans on the east side of the field and the trap crop soybeans on the south side of the field. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A. The spray time was 2:15 - 3:30 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, 85 degrees F, 77% relative humidity and wind at 0-3 mph from the SE. Applied with the John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 p.s.i were used and water was used as a carrier at 20 gallons/A

2011-06-21 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LEXAR on the following fields: Lysimeter field, north end only, from alley to the south of the T2R6 plot up to the northern alley; FSC field B-0; GLBRC Main Site replicate 6 plots, the 4th, 5th, and 6th plots from the west end of replicate 6, LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol, plots CE301, CE401, and CE403. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 2.5 qts/acre (5.84 L/Ha). Weather conditions were sunny, temperatures of 82-85 degrees F, wind was variable 0-6 mph from the S-SE, relative humidity was 80-77%. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1450 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-20 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Treatment T8nt, all replications (reps. 1, 2, 3, and 4) for postemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha), Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier. Weather conditions: 70 degrees F, 85% relative humidity, winds from SE at 2-7 mph. Time of application: 1 p.m. - 4 p.m.

2011-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G3, all replications, (reps. 4, 3, 5, 2, and 1) for postemergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A was applied. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling approximately 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G4, all replications, (reps. 4, 5, 3, 2, and 1) for postemergence weed control in canola. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A was applied. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling approximately 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the trap crops at the GLBRC Main Site for preemergence weed control in non-Roundup Ready corn. Areas sprayed were the 3 corn plots in Replicate 6 and the north end trap crop. Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A was applied. Weather conditions: Sunny, 78 degrees F, 62% relative humidity, wind at 6 mph from NE. Time: 1:30 - 4:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling approximately 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Lysimeter Field at the LTER Main Site with Roundup Power Max and Ammonium Sulfate. Only the north 1/2 of the field was sprayed, starting even with the south end of T2R6 and going to the north. The field was sprayed for postplant, preemergence weed control in corn. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 78 degrees F at start. Relative Humidity was 62%. Wind was from NE at 6 mph. Time of application was 1:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-21 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Cellulosic Ethanol Study, corn treatments, all replications CE1 (plots 108, 202, 304, and 401) and CE3 (plots 105, 207, 301, and 403) for postemergence weed control in corn. Plots were sprayed over several days with Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha), Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) at 22 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A with the Lexar being applied either solo or as a tank mix with the Roundup + AMS, depending on what was available in the spray tank at that time. Spray dates were 6/17, 6/20 and 6/21. All plots received the final spray amounts of Lexar at 3 qts/A, Roundup PowerMax at 22 oz/A and AMS at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions depended on the day. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-21 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Cellulosic Ethanol Study, corn treatments, all replications CES1 (plots 108, 202, 304, and 401) and CES3 (plots 105, 207, 301, and 403) for postemergence weed control in corn. Plots were sprayed over several days with Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha), Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) at 22 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A with the Lexar being applied either solo or as a tank mix with the Roundup + AMS, depending on what was available in the spray tank at that time. Spray dates were 6/17, 6/20 and 6/21. All plots received the final spray amounts of Lexar at 3 qts/A, Roundup PowerMax at 22 oz/A and AMS at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions depended on the day. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.6 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2011-06-20 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the INTERACTION Field (FSC field B-3), all plots, for postemergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha), Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 lbs/A. Fields were sprayed N-S directions with 7' wide headland passes being made on E and W sides. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier. Weather conditions: 70 degrees F, 85% relative humidity, winds from SE at 2-7 mph. Time of application: 1 p.m. - 4 p.m.

2011-06-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatment T3, all replications (reps 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 and 6), for post emergence weed control in corn. Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] was applied at 3 qts/acre, Roundup Power Max (glyphosate [EPA 524-549]) at 22 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate (CAS 7783-20-2) at 3.4 pound/A in 20 gallons/A of water. Weather conditions: Partly sunny, 80 degrees F, 55% relative humidity, winds NE at 3 mph. Time of application: 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.

2011-07-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the T3, LTER Main Site, Treatment T3 ”Business As Usual” [BAU] Microplots (replicates 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1) for post emergence weed control in corn. The microplots which were sprayed were the ”BAU+Fertilization” and the ”BAU-Fertilization” microplots located in the northwest corner of the treatment plot. Each microplot is 15' wide (six rows of corn) and 50' long. Plots were sprayed with Dual II Magnum (S-metolachlor 82.4%) [EPA Reg. No. 100-818], Roundup PowerMax (Glyphosate 48.7%) [EPA Reg. No. 524-549] and Ammonium Sulfate [CAS 7783-20-2]. Dual II Magnum was applied at 16 oz/A, Roundup Power Max at 32 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. This herbicide combination was selected to best fit with the herbicide combination applied earlier to the rest of the treatment, and take into consideration the current weed pressure. Weather conditions at the start (9:30 a.m.) Sunny-partly overcast, 67 degrees F, 69% relative humidity, winds 2-6 mph from NE. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.4 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 13.75 feet (11 nozzles). 20 psi were used. Water applied at 25 gals/A was used as the carrier.

2012-04-27 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, all replications (reps. 1, 3, 2, 5 and 4) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 pt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 50%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-04-27 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G2, all replications (reps. 1, 4, 3, 2, and 5) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 pt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 50%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-04-27 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G3, all replications (reps. 1, 4, 2, 3, and 5) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 pt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 50%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-04-27 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G4, all replications (reps. 1, 3, 2, 5 and 4) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 pt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 50%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-04-27 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site trap crop area (east, north, west and east) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 pt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 50%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 10:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-10 Fertilizer Application Fertilized GLBRC Main Site Switchgrass Fertility Study (SWF: N-rate), all treatments and all replications. Fertilizer applied as 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate).The amounts of nitrogen applied were as follows: SWF1 (108, 201, 307, 408) 0 lbs/A; SWF2 (104, 206, 308, 407) 25 lbs N/A (8.4 gal/A); SWF3 (102, 202, 302, 406) 50 lbs N/A (16.7 gal/A); SWF4 (105, 208, 305, 405) 75 lbs N/A (25.1 gal/A); SWF5 (101, 205, 304, 404) 100 lbs N/A (33.5 gal/A); SWF6 (107, 207, 301, 403) 125 lbs N/A (41.8 gal/A); SWF7 (106, 204, 306, 402) 150 lbs N/A (50.2 gal/A); SWF8 (103, 203, 303, 401) 175 lbs N/A (58.6 gal/A). In most cases, passes were made from the alleway area into the research plots: for blocks 1 and 2 passes were South to North; for blocks 3 and 4 passes were North to South. A total of 52 gallons of fertilizer were used which included for priming the spray boom and test applications into the trap crop area. Time of application was between 9:00 - 11:00 a.m. Temperature at start was approximately 46 degree F, 70% relative humidity, skies were clear and sunny. Wind was 5 mph out of northwest, with a 10 minute average of 4 mph. Equipment used: John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top-Air pull type sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump. A single pass of a boom type sprayer was used to broadcast spray and apply the correct amount of fertilizer. The sprayer was controlled by a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Nozzles were spaced 15 inches apart along the 15 foot boom length extending from the center of the drive-line off to the right side of the sprayer; 12 nozzles were used on the boom. Different pressures, rpm, and speeds were used for the application so that the pressure range at the sprayer varied between 15-20 psi. No passes were made through the SWF1 treatment area, nor was any liquid (even water) applied. TeeJet 8001 nozzles were used for the SWF2 level. TurboTeeJet 11002 nozzles were used for the SWF3. TurboTeeJet 11003 nozzles were used for the SWF4, SWF5, and SWF6 levels. TurboTeeJet 11005 nozzles were used for the SWF7 and SWF8 levels.

2012-05-10 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T2, all replications (reps 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1) for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 61 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 33%. Wind was from north at 2 mph. Time of application was 1:45 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study, treatments CE1 (plots 108, 202, 304, 401), CE2 (plots 112, 210, 312, 402), and CE3 (plots 105, 207, 301, 403) for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 56 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 52%. Wind was from calm and from north at 0-2 mph. Time of application was 12:45 p.m. - 1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Interaction Study, no till treatments only for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 56 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 52%. Wind was from calm and from north at 0-2 mph. Time of application was 10:00 - noon. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatments T8nt (no till component of treatment T8) all replications, for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 56 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 52%. Wind was from calm and from north at 0-2 mph. Time of application was 10:00 - noon. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-11 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the ancillary plots (replicate 6) at the GLBRC main site preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. The ancillary plots which were sprayed were the 2nd-6th plots from the southwest corner of the main site area. Additionally, sprayed the easternmost pass of the guard bait crop on the east side of the field. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 56 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 52%. Wind was from calm and from north at 0-2 mph. Time of application was 10:00 - noon. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, all replications (reps. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) for pre-emergence weed control using Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 68 degrees F (20 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 96%. Wind was from calm and from the northwest at 0 mph (10 minute average). Time of application was 11:00 a.m. - 1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.9 mph (gear B3, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G2, all replications (reps. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) for pre-emergence weed control using Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 68 degrees F (20 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 96%. Wind was from calm and from the northwest at 0 mph (10 minute average). Time of application was 11:00 a.m. - 1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.9 mph (gear B3, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment Cellulosic Ethanol Study, treatments CES1 and CES2, all replications [CES1 (plots 108, 202, 304, 401), CES2 (plots 112, 210, 312, 402)] for pre-emergence weed control in corn using Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 68 degrees F (20 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 96%. Wind was from calm and from the northwest at 0 mph (10 minute average). Time of application was 11:00 a.m. - 1:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.9 mph (gear B3, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G2, all replications (reps. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) for pre-emergence weed control using Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha) and Ignite (Glufosinate-ammonium 24.5%: CAS # 77182-82-2) [EPA Reg. 264-829] at 29 ounces/A (0.35 L/HA). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 68 degrees F (20 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 96%. Wind was from calm and from the northwest at 0 mph (10 minute average). Time of application was 1:30 -3:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.9 mph (gear B3, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC bait crop area, corn planting only which was the 30' closest to the GLBRC plots on the south, east and north side, for pre-emergence weed control using Lexar (S-metolachlor (+ safener) + atrazine + mesotrione) [EPA Reg. No. 100-1201] applied at 3 qts/acre (7.01 L/Ha) and Ignite (Glufosinate-ammonium 24.5%: CAS # 77182-82-2) [EPA Reg. 264-829] at 29 ounces/A (0.35 L/HA). Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 68 degrees F (20 degrees C). Relative Humidity was 96%. Wind was from calm and from the northwest at 0 mph (10 minute average). Time of application was 1:30 -3:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.9 mph (gear B3, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Lysimeter field for burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 69 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 68%. Wind was from the southeast at 5 mph. Time of application was 12:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-23 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the ECB (European Corn Borer) field area for burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. 2,4-D LV4 was only applied to the last 90' on the east side of the field area adn was not applied on the rest. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 69 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 68%. Wind was from the southeast at 5 mph. Time of application was 12:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-23 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatement T7 tilled microplot area only, all replications (reps 6, 5, 1, 3, 4, and 2) for weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4-D LV4, and ammonium sulfate. Principal weeds which were to be controlled were dogbane. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 (EPA Reg. No. 1381-102) (2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 66.2%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Sprayed in two passes (30' each) going south to north finished by a headland pass (10' wide) across north side. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 48%. Wind was from the southeast at 5 mph. Time of application was 12:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-05-22 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Nitrogen rate study (N-Rate: Fertility Gradient, both irrigated and non-irrigated) field area for burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Field was sprayed north-south with headland passes west-east on both the north and south sides. Weather conditions: mostly sunny with air temperature of 71 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 58%. Wind was from the northeast at 5 mph. Time of application was 5:15 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-06-08 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the Interaction field plot #3 only, weed control in soybeans. This plot was not sprayed when the rest the interaction field was sprayed in May. Sprayed using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 78 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 48%. Wind was from the west at 1-8 mph. Time of application was 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-06-08 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC bait crop areas not yet planted to corn for weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 78 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 48%. Wind was from the west at 1-8 mph. Time of application was 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-06-08 Fertilizer Application Fertilized the LTER Cellulosic Biofuels Experiment, treatments C4 Switchgrass (Cave-in-rock + N) (reps 110, 203, 302, and 404) and C6 Switchgrass (Southlow + N) (reps 111, 204, 310, and 408). All plots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (UAN) which is comprised of Urea + Ammonium Nitrate (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. All treatment plots were sprayed in one pass of the sprayer with the outside two nozzles shut off leaving the boom width, from outside to outside nozzles, of 27.5'. Conditions: Sunny with air temperature approximately 78 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 38%. Wind was from north at 3 mph. Time of application was between 11:15 and 11:59 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 2.7 mph (gear B3, 1450) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 30 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2012-06-20 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC treatment G4, weed control in soybeans. Sprayed using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 22 oz/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions at start: Sunny with air temperature of 78 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 64%. Wind was from the southwest at 5 mph. Time of application was 10-11 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2012-06-25 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T2, all replications (reps 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 and 6) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions at start were 61 degrees F (16.1 degrees C), 64% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 8 mph from NNE. Weather conditions at the end were 70 degrees F (21.1 degrees C), 39% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 12 mph from NNE. Because of the wind conditions, a lower boom pressure was used to create larger droplet size and reduce drift.

2012-06-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T8nt, all replications, Interaction Study area, GLBRC Productivity Study, and GLBRC replicate 6 area, soybeans only, with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions at 10 a.m. start were 68 degrees F (20.0 degrees C), 51% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 0 mph from W. Weather conditions at the 1 p.m. end were 75 degrees F (23.9 degrees C), 51% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 2 mph from W.

2012-06-22 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T1 and T3, all replications with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions at 9 a.m. start were 66 degrees F (18.9 degrees C), 43% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 0 mph from NW. Weather conditions at the 2:30 p.m. end were 79 degrees F (26.1 degrees C), 59% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 3 mph from NW. Treatment T3 info: Sprayed the LTER Main Site Treatment T3, all replications (reps 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 and 6) with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions at start were 61 degrees F (16.1 degrees C), 64% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 8 mph from NNE. Weather conditions at the end were 70 degrees F (21.1 degrees C), 39% relative humidity, 10 minute wind velocity of 12 mph from NNE. Because of the wind conditions, a lower boom pressure was used to create larger droplet size and reduce drift.

2012-06-28 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Fertility Gradient Study, both the irrigated and rainfed areas, all replications, treatments, and plots with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions at 10:15 a.m. start were 75 degrees F (23.9 degrees C), 52% relative humidity, winds calm at 0 mph from WSW.

2012-06-28 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Lysimeter area with Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) for post-emergence weed control in soybeans. Roundup Power Max was applied at 22 oz/A and the ammonium sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/A. The Lysimeter field area was sprayed over a period of 3 days: 6/25, 6/26, and 6/28. Each day, parts of the field were sprayed at the same rate based on remaining liquid in the sprayer after spraying other areas. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1400 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a Raven 440 automatic carrier control unit. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 10 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier. Weather conditions on 6/28 at 10:15 a.m. start were 75 degrees F (23.9 degrees C), 52% relative humidity, winds calm at 0 mph from WSW.

2013-04-29 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T1 all replications (5, 1, 4, 2, 3, 6), for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Rep 6 in the last half a swath on the west side of the plot the pump quit working on the sprayer. That section was sprayed on May 1, 2013. Plots sprayed with a tank mix of Anti-Foaming agent at 1oz/100 gal of carrier, Ammonium Sulfate at 2lbs/A, Osprey Herbicide at 4.75oz/A, Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 0.8 oz/A, and Preference non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 12:30 - 2:30 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 64°F at start and 72°F at end, winds out of the southwest at 2-10 mph with 10 minute average of 4 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Nozzles were Turbo Teejet 11003 flat fans spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-05-01 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site T3 plots all replications (6, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5), for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant at .25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 3:00 - 5:15 pm. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 81 Degrees ferinheight, 37% relative humidity, winds out of southeast at 2-10 mph with 10 minute average of 5 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-05-02 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER T3 Micro-plots BAU for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant at .25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 9:45 am to 12:00 pm. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 70 Degrees ferinheight, winds out of south at 1-7 mph with 10 minute average of 4 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-05-02 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed Interaction plots for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. East 15 ft of every plot were not sprayed. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant at .25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 9:45 am to 12:00 pm. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 70 Degrees ferinheight, winds out of south at 1-7 mph with 10 minute average of 4 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-05-02 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER T8NT plots in order of (20, 24, 17, 21), for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Affinity BroadSpec herbicide at 1 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant at .25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 9:45 am to 12:00 pm. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 70 Degrees ferinheight, winds out of south at 1-7 mph with 10 minute average of 4 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-05-04 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, all replications (reps. 5, 4, 2, 3, 1) for preplant burndown weed control using a tank mix of Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate was applied at 17 lbs/100 gal water carrier. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 64 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 45%. Wind was from south at 6-10 mph. Time of application was 9:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-04 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC bait crop areas not yet planted for weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 64 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 45%. Wind was from the south at 5-10 mph. Time of application was 9:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. North and South areas are sprayed, East edge the middle strip is sprayed and half of the west strip. Strip next to the woods has not been sprayed.Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC bait crop areas not yet planted for weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2, 4-D LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2, 4-D LV-4 applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 73 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 47%. Wind was from the south at 1-8 mph. Time of application was 2:30 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-07 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study, treatments CE1 (plots 108, 202, 304, 401), CE2 (plots 112, 210, 312, 402), and CE3 (plots 105, 207, 301, 403) for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 73 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 41%. Wind was from ENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 5 mph. Time of application was 1:15 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.8 mph (gear B3, 1700 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-09 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, all replications (reps. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) for pre-emerge weed control using Lexar at 3qts/A. Weather conditions: Sunny with air temperature of 76 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 34%. Wind was from WNW at 6-8mph. Time of application was 1:30 p.m. - 2:15 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph (gear C1, 1600 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-09 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed bait crop for pre-emerge weed control where corn was planted. Corn was planted on the north edge of the north side of the GLBRC and then planted in the middle 30' on the east and south side of the site. Sprayed Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions were sunny 76 degrees F, 34% Humidity with 6mph wind out of WNW.Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2013-05-16 Fertilizer Application Fertilize winter wheat in LTER T8-NT plots (17, 21, 24, 20) with 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). Applied 27 gallons per acre which is 81 lbs of N per acre. Plots were completed in two passes using 300 gal top air sprayer controlled by John Deere Rate controller and pulled by John Deere 5220 tractor. Time of Application was 3:00- 4:00 p.m., weather was 80 degrees F 28% Humidity and winds were 1-8 mph out of the WNW.

2013-05-16 Fertilizer Application Fertilized Interaction plots (16, 15, 14, 10, 12, 7, 1, 5) with 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). Purpose of fertilization is to supply N to winter wheat. A rate of 27 gallons per acre of 28% was applied which is equivalent to 81 lbs of N/A. Plots were completed in 3 passes using 300 gallon top air sprayer with a 30' boom width controlled by John Deere Rate controller all pulled by John Deere 5220 tractor. Time of application was 3:00 - 4:00 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny 80 degrees F, 28% Humidity and winds 1-8 mph out of the WNW.

2013-05-16 Fertilizer Application Sprayed fertilizer in the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G10, MICROPLOT area only, all replications (replications 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1). Treatment G10 microplots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs / gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas: fertilized microplot areas 15' wide located on the west side of treatment plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the east side of the treatment plot G10R1; unfertilized areas which were the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the west side of treatment plot G10R1. The fertilized 15' microplot received 50 lbs N/A. The unfertilized 76.86' was NOT fertilized. Conditions: Sunny 70 degrees F 42% Humidity and winds 1-5 mph NW. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.5 mph (gear B2, 1650 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2013-05-16 Fertilizer Application Sprayed fertilizer in the GLBRC Main Site Treatments G5, G6, G7, and G9, all replications. All treatments were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer. 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs /gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 16.7 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas, an unfertilzed microplot area 15' wide located on the west side of all the plots and the fertilized area which was the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plot. The unfertilized 15' microplot received NO fertilizer. The fertilized 76.86' was fertilized at 50 lbs N/A applied in 3 passes of the sprayer. Conditions: Sunny, 80 degrees F, 28% Humidity with winds 1-8 mph NW. Time of application 1:00 - 3:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 3.5 mph (gear B2, 1650 rpm) with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2013-05-16 Fertilizer Application Fertilized GLBRC Main Site Switchgrass Fertility Study (SWF: N-rate), all treatments and all replications. Fertilizer applied as 28-0-0 which supplied 28% nitrogen in the form of Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate).The amounts of nitrogen applied were as follows: SWF1 (108, 201, 307, 408) 0 lbs/A; SWF2 (104, 206, 308, 407) 25 lbs N/A (8.4 gal/A); SWF3 (102, 202, 302, 406) 50 lbs N/A (16.7 gal/A); SWF4 (105, 208, 305, 405) 75 lbs N/A (25.1 gal/A); SWF5 (101, 205, 304, 404) 100 lbs N/A (33.5 gal/A); SWF6 (107, 207, 301, 403) 125 lbs N/A (41.8 gal/A); SWF7 (106, 204, 306, 402) 150 lbs N/A (50.2 gal/A); SWF8 (103, 203, 303, 401) 175 lbs N/A (58.6 gal/A). All passes except for F2 & F3 applications were made from the south alleyway across to the north side, doing blocks 1 & 3 at a time and then 2 & 4. Time of application was between 9:30 - 11:30 a.m. Temperature at start was approximately 70 degree F, 42% relative humidity, skies were clear and sunny. Wind was 1-6 mph out of northwest. Equipment used: John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top-Air pull type sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump. A single pass of a boom type sprayer was used to broadcast spray and apply the correct amount of fertilizer. The sprayer was controlled by a John Deere Rate Controller. Nozzles were spaced 15 inches apart along the 15 foot boom length extending from the center of the drive-line off to the right side of the sprayer; 11 nozzles were used on the boom. Different pressures, rpm, and speeds were used for the application so that the pressure range at the sprayer varied between 15-20 psi. TeeJet 8001 nozzles were used for the SWF2 level. TurboTeeJet 11002 nozzles were used for the SWF3. TurboTeeJet 11003 nozzles were used for the SWF4, SWF5, levels. TurboTeeJet 11005 nozzles were used for the SWF7, SWF7 and SWF8 levels.

2013-05-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed (Replication 1) only of the GLBRC switchgrass variety study to control broad leaf weeds. Applied 2,4-D LV-4 at a rate of 1qt/A on all plots. Equipment used was John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top Air 300 gallon sprayer with 30' overall boom length controlled by a Green Star Rate Controller. Tee-Jet 11003 nozzles were used spaced 15 inches apart. Started at 10:30 a.m. and ended at 11:30 a.m. Weather conditions were mostly sunny 63 degrees F with 46% Humidity and winds 1-8 mph with a 10 minute average of 4 mph.

2013-05-17 Mechanical Weed Control Spot sprayed LTER Main Site T2's All Replications to control blue grass. Applied AMS at 3.0 lbs/A, Osprey at 4.75 oz/A and Non Ionic Surfactant at .5 % v/v. Sections of the booms were turned on and off as needed while traveling across all plots. Below is a brief description of each replication. Rep 1 the south half was sprayed all the way across and then a full boom width across the north and east edge as well was sprayed. Rep 2 the micro-plot to the west was sprayed and then a full 2 booms widths were sprayed around the remaining border edges around the plot. Rep 3 half way into the micro-plot and to the west was sprayed and then a full 2 booms widths were sprayed on the remaining border edges around the plot. Rep 4 a full boom width was sprayed around the border edges of the plot. Sections were turned on and off as needed. Rep 5 from micro-plot to the west edge of the plot was sprayed completely. While making pass across the plot to the east the sprayer was turned on and off as needed to apply coverage across the hill that runs through the plot. Remaining border edges were sprayed with 2 booms as well. Rep 6 a full boom width was sprayed around the border edges of the plot. Sections were turned on and off as needed. Started at 1:15 p.m. weather conditions were partly cloudy 70 degrees F, 42 % Humidity with wind 1-5 mph out the the EN.

2013-05-17 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC switchgrass fertility study to control broad leaf weeds. Applied 2,4-D LV-4 at a rate of 1qt/A on all plots. Equipment used was John Deere 5220 tractor pulling a Top Air 300 gallon sprayer with 30' overall boom length controlled by a Green Star Rate Controller. Tee-Jet 11003 nozzles were used spaced 15 inches apart. Started at 10:30 a.m. and ended at 11:30 a.m. Weather conditions were mostly sunny 63 degrees F with 46% Humidity and winds 1-8 mph with a 10 minute average of 4 mph.

2013-06-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site area rep 6 (5 plots east of miscanthus plot in rep 6) and the east side of the bait crop where soybeans and corn have already been planted for post emergence weed control using Roundup Powermax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Powermax was applied at 1 qt/A and ammonium sulfate was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons carrier (water). Start time of application 2:00 p.m. Weather conditions were mostly sunny, 73 degrees F, 53% humidity with 5 mph NE wind. End of application was 5:15 weather was mostly sunny, 77 degrees F, 36% humidity with 1-5 mph N winds.

2013-06-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed GLBRC Main Site area next to brown house and outer edge of bait crop on the east and south edge for pre-plant burn down using Roundup Powermax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Powermax was applied at 1 qt/A and ammonium sulfate was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons carrier (water). Start time of application 2:00 p.m. Weather conditions were mostly sunny, 73 degrees F, 53% humidity with 5 mph NE wind. End of application was 5:15 weather was mostly sunny, 77 degrees F, 36% humidity with 1-5 mph N winds.

2013-06-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G1, G2, G3, G4 all replications (reps. 5,4,3,2,1) for post emergence weed control using Roundup Powermax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Powermax was applied at 1 qt/A and ammonium sulfate was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons carrier (water). Start time of application 2:00 p.m. Weather conditions were mostly sunny, 73 degrees F, 53% humidity with 5 mph NE wind. End of application was 5:15 weather was mostly sunny, 77 degrees F, 36% humidity with 1-5 mph N winds.

2013-06-14 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed the LTER Main Site Cellulosic Ethanol Study, treatments CE1 (plots 108, 202, 304, 401), CE2 (plots 112, 210, 312, 402), and CE3 (plots 105, 207, 301, 403) for post emergence weed control using Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Powermax was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate was applied at 17 lbs / 100 gallons of carrier (water). Start time of application was 1:30 p.m. and weather conditions were 73 degrees F mostly sunny, 53% humidity with 5 mph NE wind with 10 min average of 3 mph. Sprayed 20 gal/A using water as the carrier and the last end nozzle on each side of the boom was turned off.

2013-08-10 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site T3 plots all replication for post harvest / pre-plant burn down. All replications sprayed in this order (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) with RoundUp Power Max at 32 oz/A, Ammonium Sulfate at 17 lbs/ 100 gal of carrier, and anti-foaming agent at 1 oz/ 100 gal of carrier. Time of application was 12:30 p.m. with weather conditions mostly sunny 73 degrees F, 88% humidity with winds 3-5 mph NWN. End time of application was 2:40 with weather conditions mostly sunny 75 degrees F, 49% humidity with winds 5-8 mph NW.

2013-08-03 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER CE Study C2 Soybeans all replications in this order (3, 1, 2, 4) with RoundUp Power Max at 32 oz/A, Ammonium Sulfate at 17 lbs/ 100 gal of carrier, and anti-foaming agent at 1 oz/ 100 gal of carrier. Time of application was 2:20 p.m. to 2:40 p.m. with weather conditions mostly sunny 75 degrees F, 49% humidity with winds 5-8 mph NW.

2013-08-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Fertility Gradient (N-rate) Study, including irrigated and dry-land areas, all replications for post wheat harvest weed control. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons/carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons/carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 9:30 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were mostly cloudy with some sun 74 degrees F, 70 % humidity and winds 2-5 mph sw, weather conditions at the end were mostly cloudy with some sun 79 degrees F, 64% humidity and winds 3-8 mph sw. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-08-26 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site Lysimeter field for post wheat harvest weed control. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons of carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons of carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 9:30 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were mostly cloudy with some sun 74 degrees F, 70 % humidity and winds 2-5 mph sw, weather conditions at the end were mostly cloudy with some sun 79 degrees F, 64% humidity and winds 3-8 mph sw. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-08-28 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Interaction plots for post wheat harvest weed control. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons/carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons/carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 1:50 p.m. - 3:15 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were cloudy 76 degrees F, 84 % humidity and winds 3 mph N, weather conditions at the end were cloudy 77 degrees F, 82 % humidity and winds 3-6 mph N. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-08-28 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER T8-NT plots for post wheat harvest weed control. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons/carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons/carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 1:50 p.m. - 3:15 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were cloudy 76 degrees F, 84 % humidity and winds 3 mph N, weather conditions at the end were cloudy 77 degrees F, 82 % humidity and winds 3-6 mph N. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-08-29 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site T1 plots all replications (1, 5, 2, 3, 4, and 6) for post wheat harvest weed control. T1 R1 the entire micro-plot was accidentally sprayed while doing the head land swath. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons/carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons/carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 11:15 a.m. - 1:40 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were sunny 77 degrees F, 73 % humidity and winds 2-3 mph E, weather conditions at the end were sunny 81 degrees F, 71 % humidity and winds calm out of the E. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2013-08-29 Mechanical Weed Control Sprayed LTER Main Site T2 plots all replications (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) for post wheat harvest weed control. Plots sprayed with Roundup PowerMax herbicide at 1 qt/A, 17 lbs / 100 gallons/carrier of ammonium sulfate and 1 oz / 100 gallons/carrier of anti foaming agent. Time of application was from 2:30 p.m. - 5:15 p.m. Weather conditions at the beginning were sunny 81 degrees F, 71 % humidity and winds calm out of the E, weather conditions at the end were sunny 84 degrees F, 71 % humidity and winds calm out of the E. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A (187 L/Ha) was used as the carrier.

2014-05-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site G1 treatment all replications for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start cloudy with air temperature of 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 53 %. Wind was from EENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 6 mph. End of application 52 degrees F, Humidity 60 %, winds calm out of the east and partly sunny. Time of application was 4:15 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the Interaction no-till treatment plots for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start cloudy with air temperature of 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 53 %. Wind was from EENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 6 mph. End of application 52 degrees F, Humidity 60 %, winds calm out of the east and partly sunny. Time of application was 4:15 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER T8-NT treatment plots for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start cloudy with air temperature of 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 53 %. Wind was from EENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 6 mph. End of application 52 degrees F, Humidity 60 %, winds calm out of the east and partly sunny. Time of application was 4:15 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site Fertility Gradient both irrigated and non irrigated plots for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start cloudy with air temperature of 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 53 %. Wind was from EENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 6 mph. End of application 52 degrees F, Humidity 60 %, winds calm out of the east and partly sunny. Time of application was 4:15 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site Lysimeter field for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, 2,4D-LV-4 and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 pt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start cloudy with air temperature of 53 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 53 %. Wind was from EENE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 6 mph. End of application 52 degrees F, Humidity 60 %, winds calm out of the east and partly sunny. Time of application was 4:15 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-06 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site T2's all replications in order of (5, 2, 3, 4, 1, 6) for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start mostly sunny with air temperature of 57 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 50 %. Wind was from NE 1-8 mph with 10 min avg. of 7 mph. End of application 63 degrees F, Humidity 42 %, winds 5-10 mph out of the NE and partly sunny. Time of application was 12:40 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-08 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER CE study, treatments C1, C2, C3 all plots for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start mostly sunny with air temperature of 59 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 74 %. Wind was from NE 1-5 mph SE with 10 min avg. of 2 mph. End of application 74 degrees F, Humidity 61 %, winds 5-10 mph out of the SW and partly sunny. Time of application was 9:35 a.m. - 11:35 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-08 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Bait Crop, (5 plots in rep 6, brown house, and borders) for preplant burndown weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/acre, and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start mostly sunny with air temperature of 59 degrees F. Relative Humidity was 74 %. Wind was from NE 1-5 mph SE with 10 min avg. of 2 mph. End of application 74 degrees F, Humidity 61 %, winds 5-10 mph out of the SW and partly sunny. Time of application was 9:35 a.m. - 11:35 a.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed Interaction plots for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC bait crop, the north edge (south half) and two plots in rep 6 (first 2 east of miscanthus) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER T8-NT's for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER CE study treatments C1 and C2 for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Irrigated Fertility Gradient (everything north of trailer and east of trailer) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Lysimeter Field for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site treatment T2 all replications (6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:25 a.m. were mostly sunny 65 degrees F, 94% humidity with 3-5 mph wind out of W. Conditions at the end 7:10 p.m. were mostly sunny, 79 degrees F, 31% humidity, and 5-8 mph winds out of the W. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-23 Fertilizer Application Sprayed fertilizer in the GLBRC Main Site Treatment G10, MICROPLOT area only, all replications. Treatment G10 microplots were fertilized with 50 lbs N/A applied as 28% N fertilizer (CAS #57-13-6 Urea, #6484-52-5 Ammonium Nitrate). 28% fertilizer weighs 10.67 lbs / gallon so the 50 lbs N/A worked out to 17 gal 28%/A. Each treatment plot was divided into two areas: fertilized microplot areas 15' wide located on the west side of treatment plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the east side of the treatment plot G10R1; unfertilized areas which were the remaining 76.86' on the east side of the plots [G10R2, G10R3, G10R4, and G10R5] and located on the west side of treatment plot G10R1. The fertilized 15' microplot received 50 lbs N/A. The unfertilized 76.86' was NOT fertilized. Conditions: At the start sunny, 66 degrees F, 52% Humidity with winds 1-6 mph N. Conditions at the end 65 degrees F, 52 % humidity winds 1-6 mph WNW. Time of application 2:30 - 7:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor with a pull type Top Air sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart. Purpose of Application: Supply nitrogen to the treatment plots.

2014-05-24 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site treatment T3 all replications (2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 6) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted. Sprayed with Dual II Magnum at a rate of 1.33 pts/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:00 a.m. were mostly sunny 63 degrees F, 63% humidity with calm wind out of NE. Conditions at the end 8:00 p.m. were mostly sunny, 70 degrees F, 43% humidity, and 1-5 mph winds out of the NW. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-24 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC Main Site treatment G1 all replications (1, 4, 2, 5, 3,) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted. Sprayed with Lexar at 3 qts/A and Roundup Power Max at 21 oz/A and ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:00 a.m. were mostly sunny 63 degrees F, 63% humidity with calm wind out of NE. Conditions at the end 8:00 p.m. were mostly sunny, 70 degrees F, 43% humidity, and 1-5 mph winds out of the NW. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-24 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site treatment T1 all replications (6, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted. Sprayed with Lexar at 3 qts/A and Roundup Power Max at 21oz/A and ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions at the start 10:00 a.m. were mostly sunny 63 degrees F, 63% humidity with calm wind out of NE. Conditions at the end 8:00 p.m. were mostly sunny, 70 degrees F, 43% humidity, and 1-5 mph winds out of the NW. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5.0 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-31 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site G2, G3, G4 treatment all replications for post - plant burndown of cover crops and grasses using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F, humidity was 53 % with 5 mph winds ESE. End of application sunny, 86 degrees F, humidity 33 %, with calm winds Time of application was 10:20 a.m. - 4:15 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-31 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Non - Irrigated Fertility Gradient (everything West of trailer) for post-emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A, Roundup Power Max at 16 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions: At the start sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F, humidity was 53 % with 5 mph winds ESE. End of application sunny, 86 degrees F, humidity 33 %, with calm winds Time of application was 10:20 a.m. - 4:15 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-05-31 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC Bait Crop (East side inside pass, South side both inside and outside pass) for pre - emergence weed control where corn was planted with Lexar at a rate of 3 qts/A, Roundup Power Max at 16 oz/A, and Ammonium Sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions: At the start sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F, humidity was 53 % with 5 mph winds ESE. End of application sunny, 86 degrees F, humidity 33 %, with calm winds Time of application was 10:20 a.m. - 4:15 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2014-06-26 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site G2, G3, G4 treatment all replications for post emergence weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) (Glyphosate: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, in the form of its potassium salt, 48.7%) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 3.4 lbs/acre. Weather conditions: At the start sunny with air temperature of 74 degrees F, humidity was 65 % with calm winds NE. End of application sunny, 78 degrees F, humidity 78 %, with calm NE winds Time of application was 2:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. Equipment Used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1500 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and a John Deere Rate Controller. Turbo TeeJet 11003 nozzles were used, spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20 psi were used. Water applied at 20 gals/A, (187 L/ha), was used as the carrier.

2015-05-02 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC Main Site treatment G1 all replications (5, 4, 1, 2, 3) for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted. Sprayed with Lexar at 3 qts/A and Roundup Power Max at 22 oz/A and ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions at the start 11:40 a.m. were sunny 66 degrees F, 40% humidity with 4 mph West South West wind. Conditions at the end 2:00 p.m. were sunny, 71 degrees F, 28% humidity, and 4 mph wind South East.

2015-05-02 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC Bait Crop: North and South perimeter bait crop where corn was planted (middle 30 ft on south side and north 30 ft on North side), third plot from the west in rep 6, and behind the brown house for pre-emergence weed control where corn was planted. Sprayed with Lexar at 3 qts/A and Roundup Power Max at 22 oz/A and ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions at the start 11:40 a.m. were sunny 66 degrees F, 40% humidity with 4 mph West South West wind. Conditions at the end 2:00 p.m. were sunny, 71 degrees F, 28% humidity, and 4 mph wind South East.

2015-07-01 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site G2, G4 treatment all replications the first two corn plots on the east side of rep 6, and the middle pass of corn on the east perimeter bait crop with a post emergence application of Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate, and (corral drift agent and anti foam product). Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Weather conditions: At the start 10:40 a.m. mostly sunny with air temperature of 58 degrees F, humidity was 89 % with 4 mph north north west winds. End of application 4:30 p.m. mostly sunny, 68 degrees F, humidity 59 %, with 4-8 mph north-north west winds.

2015-05-22 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatment T2 soybeans all replications (5, 2, 3, 6, 4, 1), LTER Fertility Gradient, Lysimeter field with Roundup PowerMax (EPA.524-549) and Valor XLT (EPA. 59639-117) a pre-emerge herbicide. Rate of application was Roundup PowerMax 32 oz/A, Ammonium Sulfate 3.4 lbs/A, Valor XLT 3.5 oz/A, and drift agent and anti-foam 1 oz/100 gallons. Pre-emerge/post plant burndown application was done to burn down any weeds and also prevent weed growth in soybeans. Weather conditions at the start 9:45 a.m. sunny, 56 degrees F. 28% humidity, 5-10 mph North - North East wind. Conditions at end 7:45 p.m. sunny, 63 degrees F. 29% humidity, 5-10 mph North - North West winds.

2015-07-01 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatment T3 all replications (6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)and CE study corn plots (CES1, CES3) with a post emergence application of Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate, and (corral drift agent and anti foam product 1.5oz/A). Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Weather conditions: At the start 10:40 a.m. mostly sunny with air temperature of 58 degrees F, humidity was 89 % with 4 mph north north west winds. End of application 4:30 p.m. mostly sunny, 68 degrees F, humidity 59 %, with 4-8 mph north-north west winds.

2015-07-23 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatments T1, and T2 all replications for post emergence weed control using an application of Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate, and (corral drift agent and anti foam product). Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Weather conditions: At the start 10:30 a.m. mostly cloudy with air temperature of 68 degrees F, humidity was 77 % with 1-4 mph south west winds. End of application 5:00 p.m. mostly sunny, 81 degrees F, humidity 55 %, with 1-5 mph west winds.

2015-07-28 Herbicide Application Sprayed the GLBRC Main Site G3 treatment all replications and all soybean bait crop for post emergence weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Also sprayed all of the bait crop in the GLBRC. Weather conditions: At the start 2:20 p.m. sunny with air temperature of 88 degrees F, humidity was 48 % with 1-4 mph south south east winds. End of application 4:20 p.m. sunny, 90 degrees F, humidity 48 %, with 1-5 mph south east winds.

2015-07-29 Herbicide Application Sprayed soybeans in the LTER irrigated and non irrigated fertility gradient, lysimeter field, CES treatment 2 (soybeans), T8nt plots, and the interaction plots for post emergence weed control using Roundup PowerMax, and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 1 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Weather conditions: At the start 10:50 a.m. overcast with air temperature of 80 degrees F, humidity was 79 % with 3-5 mph west winds. End of application 3:45 p.m. Partly sunny, 83 degrees F, humidity 76 %, with 4-6 mph north west w

2015-08-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatment T6, all replications for burn down using an application of Roundup PowerMax, ammonium sulfate, and 2,4-D LV4. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 44 oz/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier, and 2,4-D LV4 was applied at 1 qt/A. Alfalfa stand was thin so it will be planted to winter wheat fall of 2015 and then reseeded to alfalfa the following fall (2016). Weather conditions: At the start 12:40 p.m. sunny, 74 degrees F, humidity was 58 % with 2-4 mph west south west winds. End of application 3:00 p.m. sunny, 77 degrees F, humidity 53 %, with 2-8 mph south west winds.

2015-10-05 Herbicide Application Sprayed the LTER Main Site treatment T6, all replications for burn down using an application of Roundup PowerMax and ammonium sulfate. Roundup Power Max (EPA Reg. No. 524-549) was applied at 2 qt/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Weather conditions: At the start 2:00 p.m. overcast, 56 degrees F, humidity was 98 % with 2-4 mph north - north east winds. End of application 6:00 p.m. sunny, 61 degrees F, humidity 89 %, with 1-2 mph north - north east winds.

2016-03-29 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T6 all replications (6,1,2,4,3,5), for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with Harmony Extra at .75 oz/A and Preference non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v (1 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 2:20 - 4:30 p.m. Weather conditions at start, sunny 52 degrees F, 30% humidity, 2-4 mph north east winds. Conditions at end, sunny 55 degrees F, 32% humidity, winds random 2-5 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 5 mph with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Nozzles were Turbo Teejet 11003 flat fans spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A was used as the carrier.

2016-04-15 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T3, all replications (6, 3, 1, 2, 4, 5) for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with a tank mix of Anti-Foaming agent at 1oz/100 gal of carrier, Ammonium Sulfate at 3lbs/A, Powerflex HL at 2 oz/A and Premier non-ionic surfactant at 0.5% v/v (2 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 4:00 - 6:00 p.m. Weather conditions were sunny, temperature was 68°F at start and 70°F at end,34 - 38 % humidity, with winds out of the east south east at 2-9 mph. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Nozzles were Turbo Teejet 11003 flat fans spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A was used as the carrier.

2016-04-16 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER Main Site Treatment T1, all replications (6, 5, 1, 4, 2, 3), T2 all replications (6, 1, 4, 3, 2, 5), T8nt plots, N-Rate Study, and Lysimeter field for post emergence weed control in winter wheat. Plots sprayed with a tank mix of Anti-Foaming agent at 1oz/100 gal of carrier, Ammonium Sulfate at 3lbs/A, Powerflex HL at 2 oz/A and Premier (90%) non-ionic surfactant at 0.5% v/v (2 qt/100 gal carrier). Time of application was 9:20 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. Weather conditions 9:20 a.m. were sunny, temperature was 54°F 56% humidity 3-5 mph East wind, 11:35 a.m. sunny 63 degrees F 43% humidity 1-2 mph East wind, 12:20 p.m. sunny 72 degrees F 43 % humidity 2-5 mph East, South East wind, 2:30 p.m. sunny 75 degrees F, 27 % humidity, 5-11 mph South East wind, 3:10 p.m. 75 degrees F 28 % humidity 5-10 mph East wind, 5:30 p.m. 76 degrees F, 29 % humidity, 1-7 mph East South East wind. Equipment used: JD 5220 tractor traveling 4.8 mph (gear C1, 1550 rpm) with a pull type Top Air Sprayer equipped with a hydraulic centrifugal sprayer pump and John Deere Rate Controller. Nozzles were Turbo Teejet 11003 flat fans spaced 15 inches apart with a total boom length of 30 feet. 20-30 psi was used. Water applied at 20 gals/A was used as the carrier.

2016-05-09 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC Main Site treatment G1 all replications (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), the inside perimeter bait crop,(outside 30' was sprayed to clean sprayer out) and CE study C2 plots for pre-emergence weed control and post plant burndown where corn was planted. Sprayed with Lexar at 3 qts/A and Roundup Power Max at 32 oz/A and ammonium sulfate at 3.4 lbs/A. Weather conditions at the start 3:40 p.m. were coudy 61 degrees F, 44% humidity with 5-10 mph south south east wind. Conditions at the end 5:30 p.m. were cloudy, 60 degrees F, 48% humidity, and 5-10 mph east wind.

2017-07-14 Herbicide Application Sprayed GLBRC G2, G4 corn plots, 3 corn plots in rep 6 and corn in the old productivity study with Liberty 280 SL and Ammonium sulfate. Liberty 280 SL was applied at 29 ounces/A and Ammonium Sulfate (sprayable, CAS #7783-20-2) was applied at 17 lbs/100 gallons of carrier. Drop nozzles were used to spray down under canopy and avoid spraying the whorl of the corn. Weather conditions: At the start 12:00 p.m. partly cloudy 73 degrees F, humidity was 75 % with 4-6 mph north west winds. End of application 2:40 p.m. mostly sunny, 75 degrees F, humidity 62 %, with 6-8 mph west winds.

2018-06-21 Herbicide Application Sprayed LTER CE1, CE2, GLBRC G1, rep 6, south half of productivity study and perimeter bait crop corn with post emerge application of Roundup Powermax. Roundup Powermax 1 qt/A. Weather conditions: At the start 9:15 a.m. partly cloudy 65 degrees F, humidity was 92 % with 4-6 mph east wind. End of application 11:15 a.m. partly cloudy, 70 degrees F, humidity 63.5 %, with 9-11 mph east winds